What Surgeries Do General Surgeons Do? A Simple Guide to Their Work

When you hear the word “surgeon,” you might imagine a high-stress operating room and complex procedures. But have you ever wondered exactly what surgeries a general surgeon performs?

Let’s explore the wide range of procedures a generalsurgeon handles — and when you might need one.

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Who Is a General Surgeon?

A general surgeon is a medical doctor who is specially trained to perform surgeries involving the abdomen, digestive tract, skin, soft tissues, and more. While they’re called “general,” don’t be fooled — these surgeons are highly skilled in both routine and emergency procedures.

They often work in hospitals, surgical centers, and trauma units — playing a key role in saving lives and improving health through surgical intervention.

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What Surgeries Do General Surgeons Perform?

Here are some of the most common surgeries a general surgeon typically performs:

✅ Appendectomy

Removal of the appendix, usually done when it becomes inflamed (appendicitis).

✅ Gallbladder Removal (Cholecystectomy)

Surgery to remove a diseased or stone-filled gallbladder.

✅ Hernia Repair

Treatment for inguinal, umbilical, or incisional hernias, where internal organs push through weak muscle walls.

✅ Colon Surgery

Includes procedures to treat colon cancer, polyps, diverticulitis, or inflammatory bowel disease.

✅ Breast Surgery

Such as removing benign lumps, performing biopsies, or even mastectomies in cancer cases.

✅ Thyroid Surgery

For conditions like goiters, thyroid nodules, or thyroid cancer.

✅ Skin and Soft Tissue Surgery

Removing skin cysts, lipomas (fatty lumps), or infected tissues.

✅ Emergency Trauma Surgery

General surgeons are often called to treat accidents, injuries, and internal bleeding that require urgent surgery.

✅ Hemorrhoid and Piles Surgery

For treating painful or bleeding hemorrhoids when non-surgical options fail.

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When Should You See a General Surgeon?

Your primary care doctor or specialist may refer you to a general surgeon if:

• You need surgical treatment for abdominal pain or swelling
• You’re diagnosed with gallstones, appendicitis, or a hernia
• You have lumps, masses, or abnormal growths on your skin or body
• You require biopsy or removal of tumors
• You need surgery for piles or anal fissures

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What to Expect During a Consultation

When you visit a general surgeon, you can expect:

• A physical examination
• Review of your medical history and test results (X-rays, ultrasound, CT scans)
• A discussion of surgical options, risks, and benefits
• Post-surgery care and recovery plan

Some surgeries may be laparoscopic (minimally invasive), while others require open procedures depending on the case.

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Final Thoughts

A general surgeon is much more than a “basic” doctor — they’re experts in a wide range of procedures that treat everything from hernias and gallstones to emergency injuries. Their role is crucial in both planned and life-saving surgeries.